Net gains
Subtracts the cost of acquisition from the sale consideration of profitable transfers. Losses are floored at zero because no set-off is allowed.
Reviewed for current filing season: 10 June 2026
Crypto / VDA Tax Calculator for FY 2025-26 (AY 2026-27)
Estimate the flat 30% tax under Section 115BBH on gains from crypto, NFTs and other virtual digital assets, including surcharge where applicable, 4% cess, and credit for the 1% TDS already deducted under Section 194S.
Filing season update: Crypto/VDA gains of FY 2025-26 must be reported transaction-wise in Schedule VDA of the ITR for AY 2026-27 (due 31 July 2026 for most non-audit individuals). The Section 87A rebate does not apply to VDA income, losses cannot be set off or carried forward, and only the cost of acquisition is deductible.
Flat 30% + cess
Section 115BBH taxes VDA gains at 30% plus 4% health and education cess, regardless of your slab or holding period.
No loss set-off
Loss on one coin cannot offset gain on another. Enter only the total gains from profitable transfers; loss-making transfers are reported as nil.
1% TDS credit
TDS deducted by exchanges or buyers under Section 194S is credited against the final tax. Reconcile it with Form 26AS and AIS.
Calculate 30% Tax on Crypto Gains
Enter figures from profitable transfers only. Losses from one VDA cannot offset gains of another — total the sale value and cost of transfers that ended in a gain; ignore loss-making transfers (reported as nil in Schedule VDA).
Estimated taxable VDA gains
Rs. 0
Important limits
- Only the cost of acquisition is deductible. Exchange fees, gas fees, interest and other expenses cannot be claimed against VDA gains.
- No set-off, no carry-forward: VDA losses cannot offset any income, including other VDA gains, and lapse entirely.
- Surcharge is estimated using the slabs of 10% (income above Rs 50 lakh), 15% (above Rs 1 crore) and 25% (above Rs 2 crore) on the 30% tax.
- Crypto received as a gift is taxable under Section 56(2)(x), subject to exemptions such as gifts from relatives.
- Schedule VDA is mandatory and needs transaction-wise dates, cost and consideration for every transfer.
How Crypto and VDAs Are Taxed Under Section 115BBH
Since 1 April 2022, income from the transfer of a virtual digital asset (VDA) — cryptocurrencies, NFTs and similar digital assets — is taxed at a flat 30% under Section 115BBH of the Income-tax Act, plus applicable surcharge and 4% health and education cess. The rate applies regardless of the holding period or your income slab, and the basic exemption limit cannot be used against VDA gains by most taxpayers. The computation allows no deduction except the cost of acquisition: trading fees, transfer charges, mining electricity and interest costs are all disallowed.
The harshest rule is on losses. A loss from transferring one VDA cannot be set off against gains from another VDA or any other income, and it cannot be carried forward to later years. In Schedule VDA, a loss-making transfer is simply reported as nil. That is why this calculator asks for the totals of profitable transfers only.
1% TDS Under Section 194S
| Particular | Rule for FY 2025-26 |
|---|---|
| TDS rate | 1% of the consideration for transfer of a VDA |
| Threshold - specified persons (most individuals/HUFs) | Aggregate consideration above Rs 50,000 in the financial year |
| Threshold - others | Aggregate consideration above Rs 10,000 in the financial year |
| Credit | TDS reflects in Form 26AS / AIS and is adjusted against your final tax liability |
TDS is only a collection mechanism — it does not settle the 30% liability. If your total tax on gains exceeds the TDS deducted, the balance is payable (advance tax rules apply); if TDS exceeds the liability, the excess is refundable through the ITR.
Worked Examples
Gain of Rs 4,00,000
Sale consideration Rs 10,00,000 minus cost Rs 6,00,000 leaves a gain of Rs 4,00,000. Tax = 30% = Rs 1,20,000, plus 4% cess of Rs 4,800, total Rs 1,24,800. If the exchange deducted Rs 10,000 TDS u/s 194S, net payable is Rs 1,14,800.
One coin in profit, one in loss
Gain of Rs 4,00,000 on Bitcoin and loss of Rs 1,50,000 on another token still means tax on the full Rs 4,00,000. The loss is reported as nil in Schedule VDA and lapses — it cannot reduce the gain.
High earner with surcharge
VDA gains of Rs 30,00,000 with other income of Rs 25,00,000 pushes total income above Rs 50 lakh. Tax of Rs 9,00,000 attracts 10% surcharge (Rs 90,000) and cess of Rs 39,600, totalling Rs 10,29,600 on the crypto gains alone.
How the calculator works
30% tax
Applies the flat Section 115BBH rate of 30% to the gains, with no other deduction, exemption or rebate.
Surcharge and cess
Estimates surcharge at 10%/15%/25% based on total income (gains plus other income), then adds 4% cess on tax plus surcharge.
TDS credit
Reduces the total tax by the 1% TDS already deducted under Section 194S to show net payable or refundable.
Frequently Asked Questions
How is crypto income taxed in India for FY 2025-26?
Gains on transfer of crypto, NFTs and other VDAs are taxed at a flat 30% under Section 115BBH plus surcharge (if applicable) and 4% cess. Only the cost of acquisition is deductible.
Can crypto losses be set off against crypto gains?
No. Loss from one VDA cannot offset gain from another VDA or any other income, and cannot be carried forward. Loss transfers are reported as nil in Schedule VDA.
What is the 1% TDS on crypto under Section 194S?
Buyers and exchanges deduct 1% TDS where yearly consideration exceeds Rs 50,000 for specified persons (most individuals and HUFs) or Rs 10,000 for others. The credit is adjusted in your ITR.
Is receiving crypto as a gift taxable?
Yes, VDAs received without or for inadequate consideration are taxable under Section 56(2)(x), with the usual relative and occasion exemptions.
Do I need to report every crypto trade in the ITR?
Yes. Schedule VDA requires transaction-wise dates of acquisition and transfer, cost and consideration, and applies in ITR-2, ITR-3, ITR-5, ITR-6 and ITR-7.
Get your crypto and capital gains return filed by All India ITR
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More AY 2026-27 tax guides
Save tax: Home loan benefits · NPS (80CCD) · Donations (80G) · Education loan (80E) · Interest income (80TTA/80TTB) · Form 15G/15H · Capital gains exemptions (54/54F/54EC)
Investors and traders: F&O and intraday tax · ESOP and RSU tax · Share buyback tax · Foreign income and Schedule FA · Gift tax (56(2)(x)) · HUF taxation
Calculators and tools: Income tax calculator · Advance tax calculator · 80C tax-saving calculator · NPS calculator · Gratuity calculator · EPF calculator · Crypto tax calculator · HRA calculator
Filing and compliance: Section 87A rebate · Marginal relief · Form 10-IEA · PAN-Aadhaar link · AIS and TIS · ITR-U updated return · Discard ITR and condonation · TDS on rent and property · Income Tax Act 2025
Sources reviewed
This calculator is based on official Income Tax Department guidance for FY 2025-26 (AY 2026-27). Last reviewed 10 June 2026.
Income Tax Department
Schedule VDA — reporting transfers of virtual digital assets
Transaction-wise reporting rules, mandatory fields and applicable ITR forms for crypto and NFT transfers.
Open official page
Income Tax Department
Salaried individuals for AY 2026-27 — rates, surcharge and special income
Section 115BBH flat 30% rate, 4% cess, surcharge slabs and treatment of special-rate income including VDA gains.
Open official page
India Code
Income-tax Act, 1961 — Sections 115BBH and 194S
Statutory text for VDA taxation at 30% and 1% TDS on transfer of virtual digital assets.
Open India Code
This calculator estimates Section 115BBH tax for FY 2025-26 (AY 2026-27) as on 10 June 2026, with a simplified surcharge based on total income. Marginal relief, the exact regime-wise surcharge, gifted-asset cost rules and foreign-exchange or staking income need case-specific review before filing.
